Measurement of Viscosity of Combinations of Pigments and Radiopaque Materials by Rotating Viscometer Method (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0025-YJL)

Introduction

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is increasingly being performed for partial lobectomy for pulmonary nodules because it is less invasive than thoracotomy and offers the possibility of therapeutic diagnosis. However, because small or ground-grass opacity nodules are difficult to detect on thoracoscopy, localization is required prior to VATS.
Recent studies have reported the effectiveness of lung nodule localization using a mixture of dye material and contrast medium. Use of high viscosity materials might prevent migration and ischemic complications. The injection point of the material can be detected on thoracoscopy by dye pigmentation on the lung surface. In the event that the pigmentation is unclear, the injection point can be confirmed using intraoperative fluoroscopy because the mixture is radiopaque. However, the optimal combination of dye and contrast medium for this technique is unknown.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The principle of the rotating viscometer method to measure the force acting on a rotor (torque) when it rotates at a constant angular velocity (rotational speed) in a liquid. Rotating viscometers are used for measuring the viscosity of Newtonian (shear-independent viscosity) or non-Newtonian liquids (shear dependent viscosity or apparent viscosity). Rotating viscometers can be divided in 2 groups, namely absolute and relative viscometers. In absolute viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is well defined.
The measurements result in absolute viscosity values, which can be compared with any other absolute values. In relative viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is not defined. The measurements result in relative viscosity values, which cannot be compared with absolute values or other relative values if not determined by the same relative viscometer method. Different measuring systems are available for given viscosity ranges as well as several rotational speeds.

Applications

Mineral oil industry; Food industry; Cosmetic/pharmaceutical industry; Petroleum industry; Chemical industry

Procedure

1. Pour the liquid into the measuring cup.
2. Insert the spindle into the liquid.
3. Rotate the spindle and measure the resistance.

Materials

• Sample Type: liquid, gel-like, or semi-solid everyday substances

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