Measurement of Viscosity of F-free Glass System as a Mold Flux by Rotating Viscometer Method (CAT#: STEM-PPA-0034-YJL)

Introduction

Mold flux plays a crucial role in aspects of the efficiency of the continuous casting of steel and the surface quality of the steel product. Especially, the surface quality depends on viscosity and heat transfer of the infiltrated mold flux between the mold wall and the solidified steel shell, and the crystallization of mold flux strongly influences heat transfer because heat transfer is influenced substantially by the thermal resistance at the interface between mold flux film and copper mold.
Mold fluxes usually contain the following major constituents: CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–CaF2. Among the chemical compositions of mold flux, the roles of fluorine are to control viscosity and solidification temperature. However, the fluorine leads to the corrosion of casting facilities and the environmental pollution. Therefore, the elimination of fluorine in the mold flux is considered to be urgently necessary.

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Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

The principle of the rotating viscometer method to measure the force acting on a rotor (torque) when it rotates at a constant angular velocity (rotational speed) in a liquid. Rotating viscometers are used for measuring the viscosity of Newtonian (shear-independent viscosity) or non-Newtonian liquids (shear dependent viscosity or apparent viscosity). Rotating viscometers can be divided in 2 groups, namely absolute and relative viscometers. In absolute viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is well defined.
The measurements result in absolute viscosity values, which can be compared with any other absolute values. In relative viscometers the flow in the measuring geometry is not defined. The measurements result in relative viscosity values, which cannot be compared with absolute values or other relative values if not determined by the same relative viscometer method. Different measuring systems are available for given viscosity ranges as well as several rotational speeds.

Applications

Mineral oil industry; Food industry; Cosmetic/pharmaceutical industry; Petroleum industry; Chemical industry

Procedure

1. Pour the liquid into the measuring cup.
2. Insert the spindle into the liquid.
3. Rotate the spindle and measure the resistance.

Materials

• Sample Type: liquid, gel-like, or semi-solid everyday substances

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