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Chorioamnionitis is a histological diagnosis based upon the infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes into the fetal membranes. It is associated with a maternal inflammatory reaction, often with fever and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
In chorioamnionitis, leukocyte infiltration is often considered to be maternal, although no studies have demonstrated this definitively. However, a fetal origin for leukocytes in amniotic fluid has been identified and such cells could possibly access the amnion or chorion of the fetal membranes.