Vitamins Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0280-ZJF)

Introduction

Vitamins are a group of essential compounds for the development and normal growth, self-maintenance and functioning of the human and animal body. According to their solubility, they are classified into two main groups: water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins. The group of water-soluble vitamins consists of eight vitamins collectively known as B-complex vitamins plus vitamin C (ascorbic acid). The fat-soluble vitamins include the vitamins A, D, E, K. These vitamins play specific and vital functions in metabolism, and their lack or excess can cause health problems. With the exception of vitamin D, the vitamins cannot be produced within the body and should be obtained from the diet or via pharmaceutical preparations. Therefore, health care products with vitamins are very common in modern food and pharmaceutical industry. Some vitamins can also be used as biomarkers for certain diseases. For example, a deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins is typical for children with cystic fibrosis. Therefore, a sensitive and reliable analysis of vitamins in different sample matrices is crucial for health care industry and disease control. This service provides capillary electrophoresis combined with different detection techniques for the analysis of vitamins.

Add to Cart Please Inquire

Principle Applications Procedure Materials Notes Related Products

Principle

Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is physical method of analysis which performs in a separation channel of elastic quartz capillary, under the influence of a high voltage direct current field. Charged analytes dissolved in an electrolyte solution are separated based on differences in mobility and/or distribution behavior of components. The migration velocity of an analyte under an electric field is determined by the electrophoretic mobility of the analyte and the electro-osmotic mobility of the buffer inside the capillary. The electrophoretic mobility of a solute depends on the characteristics of the solute (electric charge, molecular size and shape) and those of the buffer in which the migration takes place (type and ionic strength of the electrolyte, pH, viscosity and additives). Capillary electrophoresis provides greater resolution, higher sensitivity and online detection. It enables single-cell analysis and even single-molecule analysis, optimizing separation and analysis of biological macromolecules.

Applications

Biomedical, clinical, pharmaceutical, forensic, industrial, and food analysis

Procedure

1. Preparation: Preheat the capillary electrophoresis apparatus and flush the capillary with no voltage applied. Prepare mixed standard samples and buffer solution.
2. Sample Application: Put the appropriate amount of mixed standard samples in the sample tube at the corresponding position at the inlet of the capillary electrophoresis apparatus, and put the appropriate amount of buffer in the sample tube at the corresponding position of the apparatus.
3. Electrophoresis: Switch on the electrophoresis apparatus and set the voltage and program. Initiate automatic sampling, electrophoresis, and analysis.
4. Determination: Record and analyze the migration of each component. Capillary electrophoresis apparatus can be connected with various detectors to detect the separation. The most widely used is the UV-visible spectrophotometric detector. After the experiment, flush the capillary again.

Materials

• Capillary electrophoresis apparatus
• Sample solution
• Buffer solution

Notes

1. When an electric field is applied through the capillary filled with buffer, a flow of solvent is generated inside the capillary, called electro-osmotic flow (EOF). The reproducibility of CE separation will be seriously affected by small changes in EOF. For some applications, it is important to control EOF by modifying the inner wall of the capillary or by changing the concentration, composition and/or pH of the buffer solution.
2. The definition and automation of the injection process are critical for precise quantitative analysis. Modes of injection include gravity, pressure or vacuum injection and electrokinetic injection.
3. The employed electrolytic solution should be filtered to remove particles and degassed to avoid bubble formation that could interfere with the detection system or interrupt the electrical contact in the capillary during the separation run.
4. A rigorous rinsing procedure should be developed to achieve reproducible migration times of the solutes.

Other recommended products

Analysis of Industrial Galactooligosaccharides by Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0128-ZJF)
Determination of A Lectin Protein Allergen in Food by On-Line Aptamer Affinity Solid-Phase Extraction Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry (CAT#: STEM-ET-0118-ZJF)
Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants by Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0004-ZJF)
Determination of Binding Constants of Human Insulin Hexamer Complexes with Arginine by Pressure Assisted Partial Filling Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0133-ZJF)
Determination of Colorants (Sunset Yellow FCF) in Milk Beverages by Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0270-ZJF)
Study of the Profile of Biologically Active Substances of Fruits of Sea Buckther of Different Varieties by Capillary Electrophoresis (CAT#: STEM-ET-0253-ZJF)
Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies by Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis and Native Mass Spectrometry (CAT#: STEM-ET-0069-ZJF)
Determination of Choline and Taurine in Energy Drinks and Dietary Supplements by Dual-Channeled Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled with Contactless Conductivity (CAT#: STEM-ET-0203-ZJF)