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The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, CD326) is a glycoprotein of ∼40 kd that was originally identified as a marker for carcinoma, attributable to its high expression on rapidly proliferating tumors of epithelial origin. EpCAM is a homophilic Ca2+-independent cell-cell adhesion molecule. In addition to a role in intercellular adhesion, in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that EpCAM plays important roles in cell signaling, proliferation, differentiation, formation and maintenance of organ morphology.