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Reverse chromosome banding (R-banding) produces a pattern of bands that is the reverse of the Q- and G-banding pattern—i.e., a dark (positive) G-band is a light (negative) R-band and vice versa. In some cases, R-banding is a useful complement to G-banding because some bands (e.g., small negative G-bands) can be more easily detected when they are stained in reverse. R-banding is also useful for visualization of telomeric ends of chromosomes; these ends stain intensely with R-banding and negatively with G-banding.