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Chitosan is a non-toxic biodegradable polycationic polymer with low immunogenicity. The chitosan molecule is a polysaccharide copolymer of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and d-glucosamine. Its cationic polyelectrolyte nature provides a strong electrostatic interaction with negatively charged DNA, and protects it from nuclease degradation. This makes chitosan a good candidate for non-viral gene delivery. Folic acid (FA) is appealing as a ligand for targeting cell membrane and allowing nanoparticle endocytosis via the folate receptor (FR) for higher transfection yields. Importantly, the high affinity of folate to bind its receptor (1 nm) and folate's small size allows its use for specific cell targeting.