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BrdU (5-bromodeoxyuridine) is an analogue of thymidine, which can be incorporated into the DNA synthesized by cells like thymidine. When the cell is in the DNA synthesis phase (S phase) and BrdU is present at the same time, BrdU can be inserted into the replicated DNA duplex through in vivo injection or cell culture, and this substitution can exist stably, and can be further carried to daughter cells. As long as the cells do not die, it will persist in the nuclear DNA for a long time.
BrdU incorporated into DNA can be used to detect the content of BrdU in DNA by immunological methods, flow cytometry (FCM), and microplate reader to detect the absorbance value (OD value), so as to judge the proliferation ability of cells.