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Tau proteins are the most frequent microtubule-associated proteins in the brain and are characterized as intrinsically disordered proteins. They are abundant in the neurons of the central nervous system (CNS) and have roles primarily in maintaining the stability of microtubules in axons. In healthy neurons, tau normally binds to and stabilizes microtubules. In Alzheimer's disease, however, abnormal chemical changes cause tau to detach from microtubules and stick to other tau molecules, forming threads that eventually join to form tangles inside neurons.
Donepezil is a medicine that helps with some types of dementia. It does not cure dementia. However, it treats some of the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies. It can also help with "mixed dementia".