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CXCR4 Signaling Pathway Assay (CAT#: STEM-MB-0334-WXH)

Introduction

CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor in the GPCR gene family, and is expressed by cells in the immune system and the central nervous system. CXCR4 is expressed on most tissues and organs in the body. It is a GPCR (G protein coupled receptor) composed of 352 amino acids and has a seven-pass membrane structure. CXCR4 participates in a variety of physiological mechanisms in the body, including HIV-1 virus infection, hematopoietic function, embryonic development, and tumor migration.




Principle

CXCR4 induces downstream signaling by several different pathways. As a GPCR, CXCR4 binding of SDF-1 activates G-protein mediated signaling, including downstream pathways such as ras, and PI3 kinase. PI3 kinase activated by SDF-1 and CXCR4 plays a role in lymphocyte chemotaxis in response to these signals. One endpoint of CXCR4 signaling is the activation of transcription factors such as AP-1 and chemokine regulated genes. JAK/STAT signaling pathways also appear to play a role in SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling. Delineation of the signaling mechanisms utilized by CXCR4 may assist in determining the role of CXCR4 in HIV infection and in the immune response.

Applications

To study the regulation mechanism of CXCR4 signal pathway in disease
To study the effect of each virus on CXCR4 signaling pathway
To study the effects of drugs or therapies on CXCR4 signaling pathways

Procedure

• Luminex Multiplex Assay
• Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
• Flow cytometry (FACS analysis) technology

Notes

Detectable targets: p85, PKC, IAPs, tBID, SODD, Bad, p110, Bax, PIDD, MYD88, Rac1, TLR4, Bcl-xl, RIP1, TRAF-2, FADD, APAF-1, BID, FADD, IRF7, Mda-5, NFκB, RIG-1, TRAF3, GAS, IRF9, MEKK1, p38, RIP1, TRAF5, Histone-H3, IRF5, MEK3, p38MAPK, SH2, TRAF6, p130, IRS1, MEK6, p50, SLP76, TRAM, NEK1, IRS2, MSK1, p65, Tak1, TRIF, IRAK1, ISRE, mTOR, PKR, TLR3

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