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Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) handle a wide range of biological processes, including cell-to-cell interactions and metabolic and developmental control. Protein-protein interaction is becoming one of the major objectives of system biology.
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) techniques have been widely used in recent years to detection of macromolecular interactions in living organisms, protease activity detection, cellular physiology cell physiology, immunoassay, etc. It is a non-invasive detection technique. Combined with multiparametric flow cytometry, FRET offers an attractive tool to study protein interactions in real-time in a large number of individual cells and in a short period of time. Flow cytometric FRET also offers cell sorting of single cell or population of live cells that show FRET for further study.
Flow cytometry with FRET has several significant advantages compared to existing methods. It allows to detect protein interactions in all cellular compartments, it is fast and quantitative, non-invasive and highly reproducible.