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Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a peptide secreted by the pituitary and hypothalamus, including acidic (pI 5.6) and basic (pI 9.6). Acidic FGF (aFGF) and basic FGF (bFGF) are the prototype FGF members named for their different isoelectric points. Acidic FGF is highly expressed in the brain, retina, bone matrix, and osteosarcoma. Basic FGF is found in a variety of tissues, including the pituitary gland, nerve tissue, adrenal cortex, corpus iuteum, and placenta. Acidic and basic FGFs stimulate the proliferation of mesoderm-derived cells, neuroectodermal cells, ectodermal cells, and endoderm-derived cells. They have chemotactic and mitotic effects on endothelial cells and induce the release of substances that damage the basement membrane. These two FGFs and other members of the FGF family play important roles in regulating cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and angiogenesis.